Interlevel constitutive relations
{"Image DocumentName": "Interlevel constitutive relations", "Image ImageDescription": "Question: how should constitutive relations be characterized? Answer: Negative: constitutive relations are not causal! Positive: constitutive relevance as mutual manipulability. Craver (2007, chapter 4) Craver & Bechtel (2007) Top-down causation without top-down causes, Biology and Philosophy 22:", "Image XResolution": "37", "Image YResolution": "37", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Centimeter", "Image Software": "SlidePlayer", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered"}