Figure 10.9 illustrates several major differences between 3G and 4G cellular
{"Image DocumentName": "Figure 10.9 illustrates several major differences between 3G and 4G cellular", "Image ImageDescription": "networks. As shown in Figure 10.9a, the connections between base stations and. switching offices in 3G networks are typically cable-based, either copper or fiber. wires. Circuit switching is supported to enable voice connections between mobile. users and phones connected to the PSTN. Internet access in 3G networks may also. be routed through switching offices. By contrast, in 4G networks, IP telephony. is the norm as are IP packet-switched connections for Internet access. These are. enabled by wireless connections, such as fixed broadband wireless access (BWA) WiMAX, between base stations and switching offices (Figure 10.9b). Connections. among mobile users with 4G-capable smartphones may never be routed over cable-based, circuit-switched connections\u2014all communications between them can be. IP-based and handled by wireless links. This setup facilitates deployment of mobile-to- mobile video call/video conferencing services and the simultaneous delivery of. voice and data services (such as Web browsing while engaged in a phone call). 4G. mobile users can still connect with 3G network users and PSTN subscribers over. cable/fiber circuit-switched connections between the switching offices.", "Image XResolution": "37", "Image YResolution": "37", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Centimeter", "Image Software": "SlidePlayer", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered"}