Ahmad Shah Massoud (احمد شاه مسعود; Aḥmad Šāh Masʻūd; September 2, 1953 – September 9, 2001) was an Afghan political and military leader, who was a central figure in the resistance against the Soviet occupation between 1979 and 1989 and in the following years of civil war. He was assassinated on September 9, 2001.
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