Effect of Rhodiola algida var. tangutica on proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells exposed to normoxia and hypoxia for 48 h by direct cell counting. Serum-starved MCF-7 breast cancer cells exposed to normoxia and hypoxia were incubated with Rhodiola algida var. tangutica at different concentrations (0, 45, 90, 180, 225, 360 μg/mL) for 48 h. And then the cell counts were determined with a hematocytometer. Values are expressed as percentage of untreated cells, and each bar represents the mean ± S.D. of triplicate determinations. N48 h indicates exposure to normoxia for 48 h; H48 h, exposure to hypoxia for 48 h. ※P < 0.05 vs. N48 h in the absence of Rhodiola algida var. tangutica. ▲P < 0.01 vs. N48 h in the absence of Rhodiola algida var. tangutica; ★P < 0.05 vs. H48 h in the absence of Rhodiola algida var. tangutica.
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