6.3.3 Temperature Crude oil expands and contracts based on changes in temperature.
{"Image DocumentName": "6.3.3 Temperature Crude oil expands and contracts based on changes in temperature.", "Image ImageDescription": "For example, the volume can change by 0.4 % to 0.6 % per 10 \u00b0F change depending upon the density. Volume corrections shall be carried out in accordance with API MPMS Ch or API MPMS Ch. 11.5, as appropriate. Because the temperature of the crude oil at time of loading, and the possible temperature increase during transit, are essential in understanding the potential for a rail tank car overfill, accurate and representative temperature measurement and related calculations are essential to establishing the LTQ. For initial LTQ purposes, the temperature of the crude oil prior to loading shall be estimated from either the temperature of the storage tank, truck(s), or pipeline from which the crude oil is supplied. When loading, the temperature value used in the initial LTQ should be verified within the first few minutes of loading when the temperature has stabilized and any adjustment made to the final LTQ. There are cases where the planned maximum unloading temperature is above the reference temperature (see Table 5). In these cases the consignee (3.5) should notify the loading facility to use the planned maximum unloading temperature for calculating the LTQ Sampling and LTQ Density Sampling Points Based on Loading Scenarios As all possible scenarios cannot be anticipated, common loading scenarios are outlined below. a) Single Source All the crude oil loaded into a rail tank car comes from one source, such as a storage tank or pipeline, with capacity equal to or greater volume than the capacity of the rail tank car. A composite sample shall be obtained in accordance with API MPMS Ch. 8.1 or API MPMS Ch NOTE Alternatively, an on-line densitometer can be used in place of sampling and testing to obtain the density for the LTQ calculation. b) Multiple Sources In instances where crude oil is loaded into a rail tank car from more than one source such as multiple trucks and/or storage tanks, representative samples from each source should be utilized to determine the densities for the LTQ calculation. If densities are obtained from truck run tickets, periodic verification shall be performed. See also", "Image XResolution": "37", "Image YResolution": "37", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Centimeter", "Image Software": "SlidePlayer", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered"}