Soca (Isonzo) river, between Kanal ob Soci and Nova Gorica, Slovenia, 7 June 2014 - 1253.  Looking north east.  The emerald green river is 138km long.  It is best known by its Italian name, as it was the scene of ferocious fighting during the First World War.  In May 1915, Italy attacked its erstwhile ally Austria-Hungary, hoping that a short victorious war would lead to glory and territorial gains, particularly Trieste.  In fact, trench warfare, which already dominated the Western Front, soon developed on the Isonzo Front.  No fewer than 12 battles were fought on the hills along the Isonzo, including those seen in this and the next two photos.  After 11 battles and 30 months the Italians had suffered 300,000 dead and 740,000 wounded for very slight games.  They never reached Trieste.  The 12th battle, in October 1917, was an attack by Germany and Austria-Hungary,  It led to a total Italian rout in the disaster of Caporetto (Karfreit, now known as Kobarid).  The Italians were driven back 70 miles beyond their original front line.  They lost 10,000 dead, 30,000 wounded and 293,000 made prisoner.  More than 350,000 deserted.  But Italy had backed the winning side, and made substantial territorial gains in the 1919 peace settlement.  These included Trieste, which Italy retains to this day.
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