Moving Up and Down the Hierarchy Moving up: why an action is done; after a barrier (or error), opportunities, external pressure Moving down: how something is done; discre- pancies are reduced (detection of discrepancy) (Lord & Levy) We tend to concentrate on here and now (midlevel conscious goals, not on meta-cognitive ones) Routines develop when environment is redundant; action is smoother, more elegant, and done with less effort (emotional effects of breaking with routines)
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